Study | Population | Age, mean (sd) | Women n (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Chiu (2002) [39]; China | Subjects with mechanical neck pain | 27.0 (9.5) | 12 (57%) |
Cibulka (2017) [40]; USA | Healthy adults with mild neck pain gathered through flyers, email, and word of mouth | 22.8 (3.5) | 23 (62%) |
Cleland (2006) [41]; USA | Patients with mechanical neck pain referred to physical therapy at the Rehabilitation Services of a hospital | 41 (12.9) | 18 (82%) |
De Pauw (2020) [42]; Belgium | Patients reporting neck pain, recruitment by advertising on social media and distribution of flyers | 28.0 (8.2) | 17 (68%) |
Dvir (2006) [43]; Israel | Patients injured in whiplash-type accidents | 37.1 (9.9) | 13 (52%) |
Edmondston (2008) [44]; Australia | Subjects with postural neck pain, recruited through poster advertising and through a university physical therapy clinic | 36 (11) | 14 (67%) |
Fletcher (2008) [45]; USA | Subjects with neck pain from a college campus and a community setting | 33.6 (10.3) | 15 (68%) |
Ghorbani (2020) [46]; Iran | Participants with neck pain from the University of Medical Sciences, invited via word of mouth | 25.9 (1.04) | 13 (65%) |
Gonçalves (2019) [47]; Portugal | Individuals with neck pain recruited from a private clinical practice and from the general population | 43.6 (13.3) | 26 (79%) |
Grod (2002) [48]; Canada | Patients with chronic neck pain from two chiropractic offices | 38.5 (NA) | 11 (58%) |
Hanney (2014) [49]; USA | Patients with mechanical neck pain who presented to clinics | 48.9 (14.8) | 14 (64%) |
Harris (2005) [50]; USA | Subjects with neck pain | 38 (10) | 61%a |
Hoppenbrouwers (2006) [51]; Netherlands | Patients with neck pain from three physical therapy practices | 43.0 (10.9) | 15 (60%) |
Hoving (2005) [52]; Netherlands | Patients with neck pain, referred by general practitioners for physical therapy | 45.5 (9.2) | 20 (63%) |
Kristjansson (2004) [53]; Iceland | Female patients with chronic whiplash (grades I or II of Quebec Task Force classification) recruited from physiotherapy clinics | 30.0 (8.8)a | 10 (100%) |
Kristjansson (2010) [54]; Iceland | Subjects with non-traumatic neck pain | 38.0 (8.3) | 11 (61%) |
Kumbhare (2005) [55]; Canada | Patients with WDA (grade II of Quebec Task Force classification) recruited from a hospital | 39.9 (14.9) | 49 (69%) |
Law (2013) [56]; China | Patients with neck pain from the out-patient Physiotherapy Department of a hospital | 44.52 (7.11) | 17 (65%) |
Lourenço (2016) [57]; Portugal | Students with idiopathic neck pain from a university | 20.18 (1.84) | 17 (77%) |
Majcen Rosker (2021) [58]; Slovenia | Patients with chronic neck pain, referred by an orthopaedic surgeon | 46.2 (4.8) | 23 (72%) |
Martins (2018) [59]; Portugal | Participants with neck pain recruited from the general population | 36.8 (2.4) | 28 (85%) |
Murphy (2010) [60]; New Zealand | Subjects with chronic neck pain recruited through advertisements in local papers and word of mouth | 44.8 (8.5) | 11 (79%) |
O'Leary (2005) [61]; Australia | Subjects with neck pain recruited by printed and electronic advertising within the University | 27.9a | 75%a |
Pearson (2009) [62]; Canada | Patients with WAD recruited from a rehabilitation and return-to-work program and from advertisements in local newspapers | 36.6 (10.8) | 6 (43%) |
Peolsson (2007) [63]; Sweden | Patients with chronic neck disorders from primary care and from private clinicians | intra-rater: 49 (11); inter-rater: 47 (8) | intra-rater: 9 (90) ; inter-rater: 6 (75) |
Petersen (2000) [64]; USA | Subjects with present complaints of local cervical pain | 40.2 (8.7) | 13 (65%) |
Piva (2006) [65]; USA | Patients referred to a University Spine Speciality Centre with a primary complaint of neck pain | 41 (12) | 18 (60%) |
Pourahmadi (2018) [66]; Iran | Subjects with non-traumatic neck pain recruited by purposive and snowball sampling | 31.12 (6.38) | 20 (50%) |
Rheault (1992) [67]; USA | Subjects with a history of cervical spine pathology | 37.41 (14.1) | 15 (68%) |
Röijezon (2010) [68]; Schweden | Women with non-traumatic neck pain recruited by advertising in local papers and by information to job holders | 48 (7) | 16 (100%) |
Roren (2009) [69]; France | Patients with neck pain from a rehabilitation department | 54.7 (14.2) | 23 (56%) |
Schneider (2013) [70]; Canada | Patients with persistent neck pain, referred to a tertiary interventional pain management centre | 46 (NA) | 37 (66%) |
Sebastian (2015) [71]; USA | Patients with a diagnosis of neck pain | Range 30-75y | NA |
Shahidi (2012) [72]; USA | Participants with neck pain recruited from a university medical campus and surrounding community | 34.9 (9.9) | 9 (47%) |
Stenneberg (2018) [73]; Netherlands | Patients with neck pain recruited from five primary care physical therapy practices | 45.2 (15.3) | 19 (73%) |
Sterling (2002) [74]; Australia | Patients with chronic neck pain of traumatic or non-traumatic origin, recruited via written advertisement within a university | 31.63 (11.5) | 13 (68%) |
Uddin (2013) [75]; Canada | Patients with mechanical neck disorder | 45.43 (11.88)b | 81%b |
Vernon (1992) [76]; Canada | Subjects presenting to the problem case clinic of a chiropractic college teaching clinic (mechanical neck pain syndrome, whiplash-type cervical strain injury) | 37.5 (8.6) | 12 (50%) |
Werner (2018) [77]; Switzerland | Subjects with neck pain (non-specific or WAD) attending the physiotherapy department of a hospital | 40.1 (12.35) | 13 (65%) |
Williams (2012) [78]; United Kingdom | Patients following a whiplash injury, attending an Emergency Department | 41 (14.8) | 13 (68%) |
Williams (2012) [78]; United Kingdom | Patients following a whiplash injury, attending an Emergency Department | 38 (11.3) | 19 (50%) |
Ylinen (2004) [79]; Finland | Women with nonspecific chronic neck pain, recruited through local occupational health care services | 44 (6) | 21 (100%) |
Youdas (1991) [80]; USA | Patients referred to a Clinic Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation with orthopaedic disorders | 59.1 (15.7) | 39 (65%) |