Relation of chair rising ability to activities of daily living and physical activity in Parkinson’s disease

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of individuals with PD according to chair rise performance (N = 88). Figures are mean and standard deviation unless indicated otherwise

Clinical Characteristics	All (N = 88)	Normal (N = 54)	Slow or > 1 attempt (N = 24)	Push self-up (N = 10)	Test statistics	P-value (Group differences)
Age (years) ^a	69.67 ± 8.89	68.31 ± 8.19	70.38 ± 9.35	75.30 ± 9.89	F(2,85) = 2.824	0.065
Gender (N and %) ^b
Male	62 (70.5%)	38 (70.4%)	17 (70.8%)	7 (70.0%)	Χ²(2) = 0.003	0.999
Female	26 (29.5%)	16 (29.6%)	7 (29.2%)	3 (30.0%)
Year since diagnosis of PD ^a	8.05 ± 5.23	8.15 ± 5.49	7.50 ± 4.87	8.85 ± 5.01	F(2,85) = 0.235	0.791
Disease severity (HY; Median and range) ^b	2.5 (1.0–4.0)	2.0 (1.0–3.0)	2.5 (2.0–3.0)	3.0 (2.5–4.0)	Χ²(10) = 10.182	0.060
Motor impairment (UPDRS-Motor) ^a	18.57 ± 8.60	15.52 ± 7.58	23.42 ± 8.15 ⁺	23.40 ± 7.92 ^*	F(2,85) = 10.073	< 0.001
Co-morbidity (CCI) ^a	4.77 ± 1.79	4.59 ± 1.72	4.50 ± 1.69 ⁺⁺	6.40 ± 1.65 ^*	F(2,85) = 4.750	0.011
Daily activity limitations (UPDRS-ADL) ^a	12.28 ± 5.14	10.35 ± 3.79	14.58 ± 4.44 ⁺	17.20 ± 7.53 ^*	F(2,85) = 14.057	< 0.001
Percentage of activity limitations (SE-ADL; %) ^c	85.64 ± 9.20	87.64 ± 8.30	85.00 ± 6.90	76.67 ± 13.23 ^*	Χ²(2) = 10.479	0.005
Physical activity (PASE) ^a	100.50 ± 63.13	112.90 ± 61.40	95.21 ± 60.27 ⁺⁺	46.18 ± 52.64 ^*	F(2,85) = 7.548	0.001

^a One-way ANOVA; ^b Chi-square test; ^c Kruskal-Wallis test
Significant pair-wise differences (p < .05): * Normal vs. Push self-up; ⁺ Normal vs. Slow; ⁺⁺ Slow vs. Push self-up
Note: ADL Activities of Daily Living, CCI Charlson Co-morbidity Index, HY Hoehn and Yahr Scale, PASE Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, PD Parkinson’s disease, SE-ADL Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale, UPDRS Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale

ISSN: 2057-0082